Ergothioneine（EGT）

Ergothioneine is a naturally occurring amino acid and is a thiourea derivative of histidine, containing a sulfur atom on the imidazole ring.

This compound occurs in relatively few organisms, notably actinomycetota, cyanobacteria, and certain fungi. Ergothioneine was discovered by Charles Tanret in 1909 and named after the ergot fungus from which it was first purified, with its structure being determined in 1911.

In humans, ergothioneine is acquired exclusively through the diet and accumulates in erythrocytes, liver, kidney, , and eyes. Although the effect of ergothioneine in vivo is under preliminary research, its physiological role in humans is unknown. Ergothioneine is sold as a dietary supplement.

Preferred IUPAC name

(2S)-3-(2-Sulfanylidene-2,3-dihydro-1H-imidazol-4-yl)-2-(trimethylazaniumyl)propanoate

Other names

L-Ergothioneine;

(+)-Ergothioneine;

Thiasine;

Sympectothion;

Ergothionine;

Erythrothioneine;

Thiolhistidinebetaine